The Aleut tribe lived in the western region of the Alaskan peninsula and across the Aleutian Islands. They used kayaks to travel the coastlines. Their diet consisted primarily of fish, crab, shrimp, seals, and even whales.

The Algonquian tribes of the Eastern Woodlands relied on both hunting and farming to survive. They used wood or bark to create their tools. They often traded with the Iroquois tribe, however sometimes these interactions broke down into hostilities.

The Apache tribe lived in the southwest, roaming the desert regions of modern day Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico. They were hunter gatherers who lived off a varied diet, including rabbit, sheep, goats, corn, beans, and squash. The Apache tribe valued their warriors and were often in conflict with other tribes as well as with the Spanish, Mexicans, and Americans.

The Cherokee tribe was spread across a vast area of the Southeast. The Cherokee diet was quite varied, ranging from bear and elk to mushrooms, rice, greens, and nuts. After Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act of 1830, the Cherokee, among other tribes, were forcibly moved west off their homelands.

Originally farmers, the Cheyenne were forcibly pushed west into the Great Plains, where they hunted for buffalo like other plains tribes. Aside from hunting, the Cheyenne also foraged for vegetables like turnips, spinach, and potatoes.

The Chinook tribe lived along the Northwest Coast, in parts of what is now Oregon and Washington state. The abundance of red cedar available in the region allowed them make long plank houses, canoes, and totem poles. Like other coastal tribes, their diet was comprised primarily of seafood.

The Chipewyan tribe were a hunting tribe located in what is now northern Canada.

The Chumash tribe lived in California. Chumash translates roughly to either “bead maker” or “seashell people.” They used a combination of trees to grass to create dome-shaped shelters. They used acorns to make soups, cakes, and breads and also gathered fish and other seafood from the ocean.

The Cree tribe originally lived in the Subarctic, in what is now Canada. Given the large area this tribe covered, their diet varied greatly. Many were hunter gatherers that ate moose, bear, and rabbits. Some Cree migrated south and survived on buffalo as well as vegetables like corn, pumpkin, and squash.

The Crow tribe roamed the Great Plains in search of buffalo. They used buffalo hides to create their teepees and clothing, buffalo meat as food, and buffalo bones for tools. Members of the Crow worked for the U.S. army as scouts during the Sioux Wars.

The Inuit people lived across parts of what is now Alaska, Canada, Siberia, and Greenland. Because of the harsh climate in which they lived, they were unable to farm and relied almost exclusively on meat and seafood to survive.

The Inupiat people were a truly arctic people. They lived in, what is today, northern and northwest Alaska.

The Micmac tribe lived in the eastern woodlands. They were a semi-nomadic tribe that primarily hunted and fished.

The Navajo tribe lived in the Southwest, a desert region. They were both hunters and farmers, primarily eating small game as well as crops like corn, beans, and squash. The Navajo constructed their homes by digging into the earth, creating pit houses.

The Nez Perce were a semi-nomadic tribe that lived in the Plateau region. During their exploration of the west, Lewis and Clark relied on guidance from the Nez Perce and utilized their dugout canoes to navigate the local rivers.

The Onondaga tribe spoke an Iroquois language and lived in the eastern woodlands.

The Papago tribe lived in the southwest deserts of North America. Farming was difficult in this region and so they relied primarily on wild foods.

The Pequot tribe was located in the Eastern Woodlands. They lived along the coasts of what is now Connecticut and Rhode Island. The Pequots grew crops such as corn, pumpkin, and squash. They also hunted local game and gathered fish and other seafood from the ocean. The Pequot tribe was particularly fierce in protecting their lands from English settlers, which led to the Pequot War from 1634-1638.

The Pomo were a California tribe of hunter-gatherers.

The Pueblo were a unique tribe occupying the Southwest region of the U.S. They created adobe (clay) homes along cliffs or on top of high, flat plateaus. Similar to the Navajo, the Pueblo people were both hunters and farmers.

The Seminole tribe primarily occupied what is now known as Florida. This tribe built homes known as Chickee Stilt Houses that were platforms with roofs, but no walls, usually erected over marshlands. Like the Cherokee, the Seminole were eventually forced off their homelands and relocated to Oklahoma.

The Shoshone tribe lived in the Great Basin, a region that fluctuates from extremely hot to extremely cold temperatures. They were skilled gatherers who scoured the land in search of rice, roots, berries, and nuts. Their homes were relatively simple and constructed with brush.

Similar to the Crow, the Sioux were a nomadic tribe that traveled the plains in search of buffalo. The Sioux fiercely resisted encroachment onto their territory by U.S. settlers. They fought to keep their homelands for nearly 40 years, in what is now known as the Sioux Wars.

The Tanaina tribe lived along the Northwest coast and, like other tribes in this region, survived mainly off of fish and large game like moose and caribou.

The Tillamook tribe lived south of the Columbia River in what is now Oregon. This tribe used local trees and plants to weave baskets and create wooden boxes. They used these creations to carry water and cook food.

The Tlingit tribe lived across areas of what is now Alaska, British Columbia, and Canada.

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